Type 5 diabetes is recently recognized by the International Federation of Diabetes as a distinct form of diabetes. Despite this name, there are more than dozens of different types of diabetes. The classification is not completely tidy.
Here is a clear guide for different types, including some of the things you may not have heard, along with information about the factors creating and how to deal with them.
Type 1
Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system to be mistaken for insulin -producing cells in the pancreas. This autoimmune reaction may occur at any age, from infancy to aging.
This is not related to a diet or lifestyle. Instead, it is likely to result from a combination of genetic and environmental stimuli such as viral infections.
Treatment includes lifeline insulin through injection or pumps.
Few people who fight low blood sugar, called hypoglycemia, can receive new cells in the pancreas that produce insulin donors. For many, this reduces the number of insulin injections needed. Some can stop their insulin in general.
In addition, dozens of people have now received bonds derived from stem cells for their “treatment” of their diabetes, although people still need to take immune suppressive drugs. This treatment is not yet widely available.
Type 2
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease and is often associated with high BMI (body mass index). However, it can also affect people with normal weight, especially those with strong genetic prediction.
Some ethnic groups, including South Asia and African and Caribbean people, are at greater risk even in low body weight.
Strengthening insulin production can help control blood sugar levels. Some drugs increase insulin production from the pancreas, while others improve insulin sensitivity.
For example, metformin is taken by hundreds of millions of people worldwide. It improves insulin sensitivity and extinguishes sugar production by the liver.
There are dozens of different drugs to help control blood sugar in type 2 diabetes. It has been shown that sewing treatment significantly improves health results.
Lifestyle changes can also reverse reverse diabetes. This can be done by keeping a low -calorie diet of 800 calories a day. In a research trial, maintaining this diet for 12 months reverse diabetes in 46 % of people.
Pregnancy diabetes
This type of diabetes during pregnancy usually occurs between 24 and 28 weeks. This is due to hormonal changes that reduce the body’s sensitivity to insulin.
Risk factors include overweight or obesity, having a family history of diabetes, and giving birth to a large baby in previous pregnancy.
Those who are also at risk for pregnancy diabetes from the Caribbean backgrounds from the Middle East, South Asia, Black and African. Age is also a factor, because insulin sensitivity decreases with age. This can be treated with diet and exercise, tablet or insulin injection.
Rare forms of diabetes
There are at least nine subgroups of diabetes, which include rare genetic shapes that are sometimes caused by a single genetic change. Others can be caused by treatment such as surgery or drugs such as steroids.
- Baby diabetes appears early in life. Some genetic changes affect how insulin is released from the pancreas. Some people still make their insulin, so they can treat tablets that help pancreatic cells get insulin out.
- Diabetes with young or Moody maturity occurs later in life and is associated with genetic changes. There are several gene changes, some of which affect the fact that the pancreas cells and others affect the growth of the pancreas.
- The type 3C type diabetes is different. This is caused by damage to the pancreas. For example, people with pancreatic cancer can create diabetes after removing parts of the pancreas. It can also occur after pancreatitis (pancreatic inflammation).
- Patients with cystic fibrosis are also at risk for diabetes. This disease is called cystic fibrosis diabetes. The risk increases with age and is very common, while about one -third of people with cystic fibrosis develop diabetes at the age of 40.
Type 5
This newly determined form is associated with malnutrition early in life. Type 5 diabetes is more common in poorer countries. This affects about 20-25 million people worldwide.
People have low body weight and lack insulin. But insulin deficiency is not due to the immune system. Instead, the body may not have proper nutrition during childhood to help the pancreas become normal.
Studies with rodents have shown that a low protein diet during pregnancy or adolescence leads to poor pancreatic growth. It’s been known for many years. Having a smaller pancreas is a risk factor for different forms of diabetes. In essence, having fewer reserves than insulin -producing cells.
The main symptoms of diabetes
Nhs
- Feeling thirst
- More than usual, especially at night
- Feeling tired
- Weight loss and loss of bulk muscles
- Itching around the penis or vagina or repeated parts of the thrush
- Viewpoint
Diabetes is an umbrella term for a wide range of conditions that lead to increased blood sugar, but its basic causes are different. Knowing the specific types of diabetes that one is very important for providing appropriate treatment.
With the evolution of medical sciences, diabetes is also classified. Recognizing diabetes related to malnutrition as type 5 stimulates the discussion. This is a step towards better understanding and global care-especially in low-income countries.
Craig Bale is a senior lecturer in energy homostase at the University of Exter.
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